C++ Programming Language: Introduction

C++

is a general-purpose object-oriented programming (OOP) language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, and is an extension of the C language. It is therefore possible to code C++ in a "C style" or "object-oriented style." In certain scenarios, it can be coded in either way and is thus an effective example of a hybrid language.
C++ is considered to be an intermediate-level language, as it encapsulates both high- and low-level language features. Initially, the language was called "C with classes" as it had all the properties of the C language with an additional concept of "classes." However, it was renamed C++ in 1983.
C++ is one of the most popular languages primarily utilized with system/application software, drivers, client-server applications and embedded firmware.

Features of C++

1. C++ has been designed for language scope software development as it provides greater flexibility to programs to create new ones and modify existing ones.
2. C++ programs are easily maintainable and expandable. Adding new features to the already created objects is easy and cost-effective.
3. C++ is called a middle level management as it combines the feature of both high level and low level language.
4. C++ is versatile and flexible language for handling very large programs.

Basics:

• C++ character set 
• Tokens
• Keywords
• Identifiers
• Literals
• Punctuators
• Operators in C++
• Comments
• Compilation and linking
• Errors in a C++ program

Beginner:

• Concept Data Types in C++
• Constant and Variables
• Type Casting 
• Data Type modifier
• Operators - Binary, Unary and Ternary  
• Precedence of Operators in C++
• Flow of Control and loops in C++
• Selection control statements
• if - else statement
• Iterative Statements
• for loop, while loop, do-while loop
• Jump statements in C++
• continue, break, return, goto
• Functions
• Types of Function
• Components of function
• Function prototype
• Function Calling
• Function Parameters
• Methods of Calling Function
• Calling Function With array
• Scope Rules of Identifiers
• Exploring Library 
• process.h
• stdio.h 
• iostream.h
• maths.h
• Arrays in C++
• Types of array in C++
• One-dimensional array
• Multi-dimensional array
• Array of strings
• Structures in C++ 
• Declaration, initialization of structures
• Nested structures
• Array of structures